Monad

Monad is an Ethereum-compatible Layer 1 that produces a block every 300 ms and reaches full finality in 600 ms, with capacity for more than 10,000 transactions per second. Its consensus, MonadBFT, reaches speculative finality after one slot and full finality after two. MON is the native token and pays all gas fees.

Consensus

Monad uses MonadBFT, a Byzantine fault tolerant consensus protocol. The practical property that matters for a marketplace is deterministic finality: once a transaction is in a confirmed block it is settled, rather than being subject to probabilistic reorg risk. That is what makes it reasonable to treat an auction settlement as final on receipt.

MonadBFT is designed so the chain can keep producing blocks quickly while a relatively small validator set agrees on them, rather than relying on a very large validator set for throughput.

Execution and throughput

Monad produces a block every 300 ms and reaches full finality in 600 ms. Its documented capacity is more than 10,000 transactions per second, against a block gas budget of 150M gas (500M gas per second) and a per-transaction gas limit of 30M.

These figures are worth reading with their stated basis. The throughput number is design capacity for typical transactions rather than a reading of current demand, so the rate seen in practice depends on how much gas each transaction uses. Block time is observed on mainnet, where the mean was about 302 ms in September 2026. Finality is a protocol figure: a block reaches speculative finality after one slot and full finality after two.

Monad states these numbers are reached while preserving decentralization rather than trading it away — by optimizing the execution and storage layers instead of centralizing the validator set or requiring large amounts of RAM per node. Ethereum’s equivalent limits are much lower (2.5M gas per second), set conservatively for reasons that include inefficient storage access patterns and single-threaded execution.

For a marketplace, the practical effect is that transaction fees stay low while throughput is high, which is the combination that benefits most from many small transactions — listings, bids, transfers.

EVM compatibility

Monad is an Ethereum-compatible Layer 1, so Solidity contracts and standard Ethereum tooling carry over with limited modification. Its documentation sets out the specific differences from Ethereum separately, which is the honest way to think about compatibility: the common path is unmodified, the edges need checking.

EIP-7702 is supported with the same workflow as on Ethereum — users sign a message authorizing an EOA to delegate to a specific contract, and that delegation can be revoked. Monad documents two Monad-specific constraints: a delegated EOA cannot dip below a 10 MON balance, and delegated contract code cannot call CREATE or CREATE2.

Monad also uses opcode-level gas pricing and ships precompiled contracts, both of which are documented as deliberate differences from Ethereum rather than bugs to work around.

Bridges and token supply

Assets issued natively on another chain reach Monad through several bridges, including LayerZero OFT, Chainlink CCIP, Hyperlane, and the 2/2 NTT Bridge — typically designated by the asset issuer rather than chosen by the user.

MON is the native token and is used to pay for gas. The Monad Foundation funded the project through equity and SAFT-style vehicles rather than a public token sale, and retains a substantial share of early supply; there was no premine and no ICO.

• Network information (mainnet)
• Differences between Monad and Ethereum
• EIP-7702 on Monad
• Tokens and bridges

On this marketplace

Monad Mainnet is a supported listing chain. Prices are denominated in MON; low transaction fees make it inexpensive to list, bid and settle.

Links

• Monad Explorer (MonadScan)
• Monad Documentation
• Monad Mainnet RPC

Other chains

• Songbird
• Flare
• Coston (testnet)
• Coston 2 (testnet)
• XDC Network
• Apothem (testnet)
• Avalanche
• Monad Testnet (testnet)